Explainer

Microplastics urine test: what the research shows

Of all the ways to look for microplastics in the body, urine is the most accessible — no blood draw, no clinic. Researchers have already found microplastic particles there. Here's what the studies show, and how our at-home citizen-science kit fits in.

What the research found

Urine is a newer frontier than blood or stool, but the evidence is arriving. In 2024, researchers reported microplastics in human urine and kidney tissue using micro-Raman spectroscopy. In 2025, a separate group quantified micro- and nanoplastics in the urine of volunteers using double-shot pyrolysis GC/MS, identifying common consumer polymers — PET, polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene.

These are small studies with specialized instruments. They establish that microplastics can be detected in urine — they do not establish a normal range or a health meaning. The field is young.

Why urine is the accessible sample

A blood test needs a draw and careful handling. Tissue needs a biopsy. Urine, by contrast, is something anyone can collect at home with zero equipment. That accessibility is exactly why it's an interesting sample for citizen science — and why almost no consumer microplastic particle test for urine has existed until recently. It's open ground.

Our at-home urine kit pilot

The Water Test runs a citizen-science urine kit. It uses the same Nile Red fluorescence imaging method as our water kit, adapted for a urine sample: you stain, filter, and photograph, and you get back a picture of the fluorescent particles on your filter plus a count.

It is deliberately, repeatedly framed as what it is — a particle visualization experiment and citizen-science study, with accredited-lab verification on a subset of samples. It is not a medical test, it produces no diagnosis, and there is no “normal” result, because no normal range exists.

The at-home urine kit — citizen-science pilot

$50. Visualize suspected microplastic particles in a urine sample. Capped pilot run.

Frequently asked

Can you test urine for microplastics?

Researchers have detected and quantified microplastic particles in human urine using lab instruments such as micro-Raman spectroscopy and pyrolysis GC/MS. For consumers, The Water Test runs a citizen-science urine kit that visualizes suspected microplastic particles using Nile Red fluorescence imaging. It is a particle-visualization experiment, not a medical or diagnostic test.

Why test urine instead of blood?

Urine is the most accessible sample a person can provide — no blood draw, no clinic. It is also a route the body uses to clear small particles, which makes it a scientifically interesting sample. That said, like every body sample, a urine particle count has no established 'normal' range and no health interpretation.

Is there an at-home microplastics urine test?

The Water Test offers an at-home urine kit as a capped citizen-science pilot — $50, with accredited-lab verification on a subset of samples. You receive a photo of your stained filter and a particle count. No diagnosis, no interpretation.

What does a urine microplastics result mean?

It tells you that particles in your sample bound to the Nile Red dye and fluoresced — which includes most plastics, and also some non-plastic hydrophobic material. It does not tell you a body burden or anything about your health. It is best understood as a visualization experiment.

Related: microplastics in stool · microplastics blood tests, explained

Not a medical or diagnostic test. The Water Test makes at-home kits that visualize and count particles in a sample. Nothing on this page diagnoses, screens for, or assesses any disease or health condition, and no “normal” level of microplastics in the body has been established. If you have health concerns, talk to a doctor.